All what you have to know about adverbs

What's an adverb? 

a word that describes a verb, an adjective, another adverb, or a sentence and that is often used to show time, manner, place, or degree.....

Function:

The principal job of an adverb is to modify (give more information about) verbs, adjectives and other adverbs. In the following examples, the adverb is in bold and the word that it modifies is in italics.

Modify a verb:

- John speaks loudly. (How does John speak?) 
- Mary lives locally. (Where does Mary live?) 
- She never smokes. (When does she smoke?)

Modify an adjective:

- He is really handsome.

Modify another adverb:

- She drives incredibly slowly. But adverbs have other functions, too. They can:

Modify a whole sentence:

- Obviously, I can't know everything.

Modify a prepositional phrase:

- It's immediately inside the door.

an adverb modifies other verbs(verbs are in bold/adverbs are in italics)

· The thief acts stupidly. (answers the question:how?)
· The thief never shoots, because he has no gun.(answers the question: when?)
· The thief robs locally. (answers the question:where?)

an adverb modifies other adjectives (adjectives are in bold/adverbs are in italics)

· The thief is extremely stupid.
· This very dumb thief is now in jail.

an adverb modifies other adverbs (adverbs in italics)

· The thief walks incredibly clumsily.
· The thief acts really stupidly.

Adverbs also have other functions. You may see them modify a prepositional phrase:

· The thief was arrested just outside the apartment.

You may find an adverb modifying an entire sentence:

· Certainly,the thief chose the wrong profession.

Position: 

Adverbs have three main positions in the sentence:

1. Front (before the subject):
-Now we will study adverbs.
2. Middle (between the subject and the main verb):
- We often study adverbs.
3. End (after the verb or object):
- We study adverbs carefully.

Adverbs of Frequency

always, sometimes, never...

You will find adverbs occupying multiple positions within a sentence:

· Now,get in the police car. (front)
· The thief was immediately arrested. (before the verb)
· The thief sat nervously after being arrested. (after the verb)
· After the botched robbery, the thief decided to give up crime completely. (end)

Form:

Many adverbs end in -ly. We form such adverbs by adding -ly to the adjective. Here are some

Examples

quickly,softly,strongly,honestly,interestingly

But not all words that end in -ly are adverbs. "Friendly", for example, is an adjective.

Some adverbs have no particular form, for example:

well, fast, very, never, always, often, still

adjective	adverb
dangerous	dangerously
careful	carefully
nice	nicely
horrible	horriblely
easy	easyly
irregular forms
good	well
fast	fast
hard	hard

 Adverbs of certainty:

Adverbs of certainty express how certain or sure we feel about an action or event.

Usage

Common adverbs of certainty:

certainly , definitely, probably, undoubtedly, surely

1. Adverbs of certainty go before the main verb but after the verb 'to be':

• He definitely left the house this morning.
• He is probably in the park.

2. With other auxiliary verb, these adverbs go between the auxiliary and the main verb:

• He has certainly forgotten the meeting.
• He will probably remember tomorrow.

3. Sometimes these adverbs can be placed at the beginning of the sentence:

• Undoubtedly , Winston Churchill was a great politician. 

BE CAREFUL! with surely. When it is placed at the beginning of the sentence, it means the speaker thinks something is true, but is looking for confirmation: 

• Surely you've got a bicycle?

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                                                   By Mr. El-omari